Licenses

Dictionary definitions: JMdict

The English definitions in our JLPT vocabulary lists and in Kotoba Loop are derived from JMdict, the Japanese-Multilingual Dictionary, a property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group (EDRDG), used in conformance with the Group’s license.

JMdict is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0). Our derived vocabulary data, meaning the headwords, readings and glosses across all 7,841 entries, is made available under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 terms.

Project home: edrdg.org/jmdict/j_jmdict.html

Example sentences: our own work

The 23,523 example sentences, their furigana annotations and their English translations are original work by Karasu Project. They are not derived from JMdict or from any sentence corpus, and the ShareAlike obligation above does not extend to them.

The N5 sentences are published on this site for reading and study; the rest are in Kotoba Loop. If you want to redistribute any of them in bulk or build on them, get in touch at [email protected] rather than assuming.

JLPT level assignments

The Japan Foundation and JEES have not published an official JLPT vocabulary list since the exam was restructured in 2010. The level assigned to each word here is our own reconstruction from published guides, past papers and corpus frequency. These are estimates, made without any endorsement from the examining bodies, and “JLPT” is used here descriptively to name the exam they target.